dr lydia gray:the first station, we talk a little bit aboutgrains and feed stuffs, and then you workwith your partner to identify what'sin the bags, and then we talk about what theyare and why you might choose one and not the other. you've got someblanks on your paper, and the first thing youwant to ask our owner is what her horse's name is.
danielle: his name is indy. dr gray: what else doyou want to ask her? crowd: what kind of horse is he? danielle: he's adutch warmblood. dr gray: keep going. crowd: how old is he? danielle: 16. crowd: what do you do with him?
danielle: he does the 3'6" aohunters and the hunter derbies. dr gray: and whatelse might you want to know about indy to help youdesign the best diet for him? crowd: how's your ridinggoing this summer? how much are you doing? danielle: good. he gets ridden every dayfor about half an hour, and then we do a jumpinglesson once a week. dr gray: and?
are you showing? danielle: yes. about one or two shows a month. crowd: what's his weightlook like right now? dr gray: good question. danielle: i thinkhe's kind of chubby. dr gray: well,we'll let you know. danielle: ok. dr gray: all right.
anything else? there's kathleen. join us. danielle: 11 years. crowd: 11 years? danielle: yep. dr gray: you said he was 16? danielle: yeah. dr gray: so practice math.
this is some foreshadowing. if she's had him 11years, and he's 16 now, how old was he when she got him? [interposing voices] excellent, ok. ok. so what you do next iscome up with your sheets, and try to guess whatthese different bags are. so we cut out some.
if you couldn't find"a's" and other letters, we cut out a few of them,because they were duplicates. [music playing] what are you calling b? chopped hay, yeah. let me make sure that'swhat i'm calling it. chopped hay. when might you use this? when--
older horse that doesn't havegood teeth, can't chew well. yeah. the other instancemight be if you were in an area ofthe country that doesn't have goodconsistent hay source, and so you can buyyour hay in a bag. and i just thought of this. if you have an hypp horse,and you need his diet to be super, super consistent,buying all his food in a bag
is one way to dothat, because when you get differentcuts of hay, it could have differentlevels of what mineral is of concern for them? crowd: potassium. potassium. but if you buy it in a bag,it's got a guaranteed analysis, right? so this one's done.
did anyone havethis this morning? crowd: yes. dr gray: yeah? all right. so you know what it is. crowd: rolled oats. dr gray: it'srolled oats, right. what is this used for in horses? energy.
the other word forenergy is what? crowd: calories. dr gray: calories, yeah. so if you've got a horse,you've got his hay, his ruffage, hisforage addressed, and then you've completedand balanced his diet on the vitamin, mineral,and protein side, but you think heneeds a little bit more weight, or a little bitmore energy when he performs.
oats are like the classichorse feed to give. perfect. there you go. and i'm looking for-- oh. this one, i think,is really hard, so i won't blame youif you don't get it, but what did you put down? [inaudible] and that's the extrudedrice bran pellets.
so i asked for, and i don'talways get what i ask for, but i asked forrice bran powder, and the best we can doin this neck of the woods was these extruded pellets. so you guys did good. did everybody getrice bran pellets? i see some confusionin the back. crowd: no, we were confusedwith the other two. dr gray: yeah.
this isn't typicallyhow you see rice bran, but regardless, what mightyou use rice bran for? put weight on, becauseit's how much fat? let's start withlow, medium, high. crowd: high. dr gray: ok. high is good. now give me a number. crowd: 12%.
dr gray: give mea higher number. and higher. crowd: oh, 90. dr gray: or lower. crowd: 70. dr gray: how about 40? crowd: she said 70,and you said higher. dr gray: oh, did you say--i thought you said seven. like, no, that's lower than 12.
it's about 40% fat,so it is a good source of calories for horses. what is the thingthat we have to be concerned about if you just goand buy your basic rice bran? what is the thing inthe back of your mind? crowd: calcium and phosphorus. dr gray: right. rice bran straight outof the manufacturer is very high in phosphorus.
what is the ratio ofcalcium to phosphorus supposed to be in horses? you want to say two to one. so it's like 1.2 toone to two to one, so the point is morecalcium than phosphorus. rice bran has morephosphorus than calcium, so it's an inverted ratio. so you want to buy, if you'rebuying it for your horse to add to the diet, youwant to get a fortified rice
bran that has calcium added. now so this is the onethat i have trouble with. what did you guys call this one? crowd: we said enriched plus. dr gray: you say haystretcher for everything. one day you will be right. what did you call it? crowd: enriched plus. dr gray: really?
everyone called it that? well, it's not. it's strategy. what is the base in strategy? what is it-- beet pulp. beet pulp, yeah. does it smell pretty sweet? crowd: it smells-- i don't know. there's like somethingelse in here.
it's like amplifynuggets or something. dr gray: hm. so let's talk about strategy. what category is it? it's a fortified grain, yeah. and define fortifiedgrain for me just to make sure we'reall on the same page. who wants to do that? you guys in the backhave been very quiet,
and there's three of you,so you're at an advantage, so come on. you do. crowd: it's ok. i was say it's a stepdown from complete, so it's not going tohave the hay portion. dr gray: excellent. really good. what would be-- it'sa step up from what?
so it's between a completefeed-- there's carolyn. crowd: a ration balancer. dr gray: a ration balancer. do you guys all hear that? so it goes mineralsupplement, then multivitamin, then rationbalancer, fortified grain, complete feed. excellent. i'm on g now.
you know what yousaid last time? say that now. no. the other one. crowd: enriched. dr gray: enriched plus. so this is the ration balancer. and how much of this wouldyou feed a horse each day? it could be one to two pounds.
some horses evenget a half a pound, and so what are theingredients in this? what are the-- i shouldn'tsay ingredients-- nutrients. that's a better word. what are the nutrients in this? crowd: protein and-- dr gray: minerals and vitamins. so why do you feeda ration balancer? why do you go tothe store and say,
i'm going to get a rationbalancer for my horse? what are you thinking? crowd: easy keeper. dr gray: easy keeper. crowd: or horses thatneed more protein, but you don't wantto pile on the grain. dr gray: maybe. maybe. crowd: if you're notfeeding up to the label of--
dr gray: the fortified grain. yeah, it could. so you can bridge that gapof the vitamins and minerals and protein, vitamins, mineralswith either ration balancer or a multivitamin, if you'renot feeding the whole thing. we haven't done any mathyet, so you're good. we did a practice round, but ok. i'll give that to you. now we're on h.
crowd: sweet feed. i was going to haveyou smell this one, but that would probablygive it away, right? so sweet feed is a-- icall it a textured feed. it is still in thefortified grain category. what does it provide a horse? crowd: energy. dr gray: so calories, yep. but what makes it a stepabove or below whatever
you said of a ration balancer? because it provides thevitamins, the minerals, the protein, and calories. what is the one thingthat we kind of don't like about sweet feeds, though? because it's got some molasses- the name itself, sweet feed, they add molasses to it,so that it tastes good so horses eat it, but wefind that a lot of our horses nowadays don't needthat extra sugar
for one reason or the other. we talked a littlebit about easy keeper. what is a specific conditionthat a horse might not need extra sugar? say it again. insulin resistance orequine metabolic syndrome. what's another one? crowd: [inaudible]. dr gray: say it again.
yes. i was going to give you ahint that my horse has it. so pssm, or what dothe letters stand for? polysaccharide storagemyopathy, right. and they just don't toleratehigh amounts of sugar. where are putting all these? oh. i just-- all right. i think that's an i.
right. so when might we choosethis for a horse? crowd: older horses. dr gray: older horseswith no teeth, or they're having trouble eating thefull long-stemmed hay, because we want themto get long stems, but they don't have theteeth for it anymore. so we give them as long astem as we can with hay cubes. and we tend to dowhat with them first?
crowd: soak them. dr gray: and thesoaking, in this case, softens the hay cubes sothat they can chew them apart and swallow them better. why else do we soak hays? crowd: extra water [inaudible]. dr gray: extrawater is a good one. crowd: take out the sugar. dr gray: take outthe sugar, right.
so one of the mythsor misperceptions is that when you soakhay, you leech out everything-- sugars andnutrients and vitamins and minerals and protein. there's been a number ofresearch studies about that, and that's not exactlytrue to an extent. there is a chart of time, so ifyou just soak for a little bit, you're just-- like what'sanother condition that you might soak for just a littlebit, the shortest soaking
possible? even just wetting. even steaming. dr gray: yeah, yeah. respiratory allergies, so thenames of those keep changing. heaves is always safe, becausethat's the layman's term, and now we call rao, orrecurrent airway obstruction. before that, it's small airwayinflammatory disease, or said. so many acronyms.
i didn't make themup, and i apologize. so if you're going tojust steam or wet hay, you're not really changing itsnutrient composition at all. you're just dampingdown the dust and mold, so the horse doesn'tbreathe it in when he sticks his nose in and eats it. the next step is soaking forhow long for the ir horse? 60 minutes in cold water,about 30 minutes in warm water to get the sugarsand starches out,
because what is a goodpercentage of nsc, or non-structural carbohydrate? ooh, yeah. i got her on that one. this group is good. they're gettingeverything, so i have to come up with harderand harder questions. nobody here must have-- what is it?
crowd: i was just guessing. i said 3%. dr gray: oh, we would love it. more like 12 is kindof the number that's thrown around, so 10 to 15. but clearly, none ofyou have ir ems horses, or you would, like, know that. let's move on. this one should be fairly easy.
did you all get this? crowd: chia seed. dr gray: oh, it's flax. here's the difference. i will pull this up at thesame time, so you can see them. so the big heavy one is flax,and the little one is chia. what do you noticeis the difference? crowd: color. dr gray: color.
the flax is brown, and thechia's more black or gray. what else? crowd: the flaxis more of a seed. dr gray: they're both seeds. crowd: the shape is moreof [inaudible], and chia's [inaudible]. dr gray: well, it's smaller. what do they tellyou about flaxseeds? that you have to like grindthem or soak them or something?
you can. you don't have to with chia. i mean, these things getabsorbed, so flax was j, and chia was n, and welike these because-- for both of them, why? they're the highest plant-basedsource of omega 3 fatty acids. yep. one person's goingto answer this. say it now.
so these are haystretcher pellets. these are reallybig pellets, which is how i know they'rehay stretchers, and also because my papersays they're hay stretchers. but why would you pickhay stretcher pellets? don't all answer at once. it's kind of the sameyou guys answered for hay cubes and chopped hay. you either can't find hay,because you live in california,
or you have an oldhorse that can't chew the full long-stemmed forage. you don't exchange all ofthe hay for a hay stretcher. it really is tostretch out the hay. crowd: i have a question. dr gray: yes. crowd: is it also correct tofeed hay stretcher and hay cubes-- all those products--if your barn isn't feeding as much hay as youwant, and you just
want the horse toget more for it. dr gray: sure. crowd: ok. dr gray: one thing i forgotto mention in the hay cubes-- carolyn, can you holdup the hay cubes? what i do with hay cubesis i use them for treats, because i have a pssm horse,and he can't have sugar treats. and there are non-sugar treats,but these are pretty tasty. let me tell you.
he will do a lot ofthings, and they're nice, because they break apart. they're almost likemini hay bales. they break apart. we have two more. yeah, cracked corn. so we crack corn for horses. we don't give them wholecorn, because the whole corn, if they don't crackit with their teeth,
it kind of passesthrough the whole tract, and it comes out the other end,and you see it as whole corn again. and you're like, well, theydidn't get much out of that. so they get more nutritionwhen it's cracked corn, but do we like corn as afeed choice for horses? you're shaking your head no. why? crowd: sugar content.
dr gray: it's got a lot ofstarches and simple carbs, which get digested inthe stomach and foregut, and that's not where we want. why else? it's really high in omega6s, but it does smell good. do you guys know theratio of three-- you do. what? it's much, much higher. oh, here we go.
high-low game. so higher than three. crowd: but lower than? dr gray: lower than 70. [laughter] it's really high. it's 57:1 really, really high. so that's why weadvise people, if you can get away from feeding corn,maybe don't choose corn oil.
if you're going tofeed fat to your horse, it's just so, sohigh in omega 6s. we have one more. crowd: you said the ratio inthe corn is 57 to one, right? dr gray: the ratio of omega6s to omega 3s is 57 to one of corn. crowd: yeah. crowd: but youwant is the ratio. dr gray: we wantmore threes than six.
oh, is that whatyou were answering? dr gray: oh. so they're not surewhat the ratio of threes to sixes in horses shouldbe, but pasture grass has a ratio of four to oneomega 3s to omega 6s, so that's our best guess. so three is good enough. the issue is horses get a lotof omega 6s in their diet, so we have to feed them foodsthat more than balance out
the ratio. this is our last one. it's p. what'd youguys put for p? beet pulp, right. what do we do with beet pulp? who is it for? crowd: [inaudible]extra fiber or you can use it for olderhorses as well. dr gray: extra fiber,so what has more
fiber-- a fortifiedgrain, beet pulp, or hay? hay. so this is betweengrain and hay as far as the nutrientcomposition, and so you can exchange some of each for this. people do tend to soak it. you don't have to,but most people do. it comes in shreds like this. there's a company thatmakes bigger shreds,
and it rehydrates faster. so anybody feeding this to theirhorse right now besides me? i can't feed hay inmy trailer anymore, because his upperairway-- his allergies are so bad that i justfeed him beet pulp, and it makes for areally messy trailer, because i do wet it for him. but i can barelyget the door open. he jumps in the trailer.
he's like, let's go,let's go, let's go. he loves this. most horses find itvery, very tasty, so for the hard keepers andthe old horses that are like, i don't want to eat,you put a little bit of this in front ofthem, they're like, well, that smells pretty good.
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